INSULTED. The story of one existential journey
By Andrei Kureichik
Do you have premonitions? When the sour, depressing taste of anxiety suddenly begins to flutter within you, and, contrary to logic, hope, your faith in God, humanity, and the laws of history, you feel the icy, fetid breath of impending catastrophe coming down on you?
Putin’s “little green men,” the badly hidden mercenaries he sent to Crimea in 2014, marked the end of an era.
For centuries, Russia has enjoyed only brief humanitarian respites of normalcy in an unending historical eruption of various forms of social madness and frenzy. In his book Sick Russia at the beginning of the 20th century Dmitry Merezhkovsky wrote: “It occasionally seems that there are no revolutions in Russia at all, only uprisings — the January uprising, the Decembrist revolt, the Chuguev mutiny, outbreaks of cholera, the Pugachyov rebellion, the Razin insurgency — the eternal rebellion of eternal slaves.” The senseless, merciless subjection of nations all around and the enslavement of people for centuries led to the creation of a savage, imperial kind of Frankenstein. The humanistic literature of Turgenev, Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, and Chekhov in the 19th century, to say nothing of high hopes for a parliamentary state system, an effective intelligentsia, good education, and great theater — instead of creating a hoped-for breakthrough to an enlightened civilization — led to world and civil wars. The Russian Republic of 1917 was devoured by a communistic Caliban. From one “prison of nations” in the era of the tsars, nations ended up in the red gulag of the Soviet Union. Poets, philosophers, playwrights, and directors found themselves either on “philosophical ships” sent forcibly into emigration, or in the thick ledgers of the NKVD as “enemies of the people,” potential saboteurs, or suicides who slit their veins, hung themselves, shot themselves, or drank themselves to death at the height of their personal glory, and in the prime of their personal lives.
The polar night is long. In a historical sense, it may last for centuries or millennia. There was a glimmer of light in the 1960s. Something sincere and real, like white- flowered snowdrops, broke through the crust of ideological ice. Gorbachev’s perestroika was perhaps the finest hour in the entire history of Russia and its neighboring peoples. Germans once again could mingle freely after half a century of living on opposite sides of a wall. Afghans saw the backs of their occupiers heading home. Eastern Europe embraced Western Europe. The USSR collapsed peacefully, without civil war, rivers of blood, or hatred run rampant.
This is something I remember. The heart of a teenager from Belarusian Minsk was filled with conflicting emotions. “We are no longer half the world. We are no longer one big nation. We are different countries now. We are different peoples. We are just different.” No longer was there a single ideology. And the red flag, the color of red, was no longer a reference to communism advancing throughout the world, but referred to our own national treasure, the belts of Slutsk, exquisitely woven from silk, golden and silver threads. “Different” meant that people had their own languages, and we had our own — the stunningly beautiful Belarusian. And it wasn’t “Belorussia” anymore, it was “Belarus.” And we were all different.
Why doesn’t the life of a happy village interest us? I often ask myself this question. I ask it of myself, and of others. Why do we begin to feel awkward when everything seems to be fine? Why did Francis Fukuyama’s The End of History and the Last Man merely evolve into the prologue for a new round of civilizational hell? What happened to those bright, cheerful years of the heyday of theater and cinema when everyone ignored borders among countries? When in one and the same year both the young Ukrainian comedian Zelenskiy and the Russian technocrat President Medvedev performed in my films, while I blithely traveled back and forth to and from Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine, paying no mind to borders, and enjoying cultural diversity and freedom. How was that replaced by imperious hatred, anger, misunderstanding, resentment, and violence?
Vladimir Vysotsky, the great Russian poet of the 1960s, wrote prophetically:
“If a friend suddenly turns out to be
Neither friend, nor enemy, but — in between . . .
If you can’t understand right away
Is he good or is he bad . . .”
Who are we really? Insulted. Offended. Humiliated. Stung. Infected. Zombified? Deceived? Who are we to one another after living side by side for so many centuries? Enemies? Friends? Relatives? Who are Ukrainians to Russians? Who are Russians to Belarusians? What is America for Russia? Who are Russians for Europeans? Who are we all for the planet we inhabit? Invaders? Madmen warming the planet’s climate with carbon dioxide, wars, and man-made disasters?
Nothing but questions. “To be or not to be?” In 2017, I went looking for an answer. The Insulted project was a deep dive into conscience. There, where a detector of evil and good is cradled in the very depths of our consciousness and hearts. In the Limbo of Conscience, a journey begins through the traumas and grievances of communities and groups, where in the churning ocean of emotions, stereotypes, lies, and truth, one can find the answers to what is happening. I wrote my first Insulted play about Russia. Putin’s hybrid virus of imperialism, fascism, and revanchism shattered the reflexes of the long-suffering Russian people, who have been utterly brutalized by generations of dictators, from Ivan the Terrible to Stalin. The task of “remaining human” in a world of zombies and zombie boxes, as Russians call their television sets, turned out to be an almost unsolvable proposition in Russia. In Russia, the nature of the social conflict of different groups, their traumas and grievances, devolved into an immanent existential ulcer. When the ulcer burst, the pus of schizo-fascist (in the apt expression of my friend and colleague Professor Timothy Snyder) insanity flooded half the world. In 2020, we Belarusians attempted to break out of this vicious circle. After 30 years of rule, the experienced, brutal, recidivist dictator Alexander Lukashenko lost an election. He was defeated by a modest woman who had never been involved in politics and only spoke publicly for the first time shortly before the elections took place. She spoke timidly, with a stammer, ineptly and unprofessionally, lacking charisma or “cool.” She was weak as a performer, and Belarusians voted for her without the slightest hesitation. This housewife by the name of Svetlana Tikhanovskaya emerged from the presidential election as president-elect. Belarusian society chose unadorned humanity and empathy over pompous scum and flashy cynicism. This comprised the second part of the Insulted project. Insulted. Belarus was the loudest and most famous of the project’s pieces. Society again was sucked into a vortex of conflict. This tornado devastated the beautiful, exuberant country. Hundreds of thousands of Belarusians found themselves jettisoned beyond its borders. Thousands were in prisons or in graves. I myself became a grain of sand in that storm, jettisoned from the country by a hurricane of political repression. But through this play the world learned that there is such a people as Belarusians. It learned that we existed.
There should have been a play called Insulted. Ukraine. It probably would have been the most complex, contradictory, and mysterious part of the project. Neither the West nor the East truly understood Ukraine. They still don’t understand it now. It is a country where the legendary, nationalist leaning Stepan Bandera is a hero, and the president is a Jew. Where the people elect and reject presidents with a kick in the butt at their own discretion. (Of six presidents in Ukraine, only one has been reelected for a second term.) A country where people did not believe in their government, its laws, their army, or the real possibilities of a big war, suddenly inflicted a crushing defeat on Putin’s countless armored armadas near Kyiv in 2022, forcing their remnants to flee through the radiation- laden forests of Chernobyl. A country where, on the day when advance Russian tanks were already driving down Victory Avenue in Kyiv, the comedian president took a selfie in front of his residence and boldly responded to American president Joe Biden’s offer to spirit him out of the country: “I need ammunition, not a ride.”
Resentment in Ukraine turned into rage, irrational resilience, and fearlessness. And neither Russians, nor Europeans, nor Americans can understand the thermonuclear nature of this rage. Physicists like to talk about “energy levels.” For me, the strength of Ukraine and Ukrainians is an unattainable energy level. These are fluctuations on a universal scale. All versions of the play Insulted. Ukraine were outdated before I could finish it. I put this work aside for later, but the “Insulted” people of Ukraine flourished without me, once again confirming that Ukraine is a metaphysical mystery. Thanks to translator John Freedman, a project called the Insulted. Belarus Worldwide Readings suddenly blossomed into an entire universe of drama, readings, performances, books, and publications of Ukrainian plays. If I had to bear witness before God, this fact alone would be enough for me to declare that my life and work have not been in vain.
At this moment when writing this text, I paused to take a long, deep breath.
The former free and carefree Russia of the late 1990s and early 2000s no longer exists. Putin murdered it as he did the opposition leader Alexei Navalny. The united, effervescent Belarus of 2020 has vanished — it was ravaged and savaged by Lukashenko’s guardsmen. The rollicking, cheerful pre-war Ukraine is no more. It now bleeds as it battles back against its rabid attacker, while the United States and the rest of the world seem to limit themselves to timid, sometimes even cowardly “levels of support.” I am no longer in that world either. As such, the Insulted project has achieved a level of planetary distances and philosophical generalizations, traversing the long span from a premonition of catastrophe to the fait accompli of human Armageddon. From the intimately concrete to the existential. “There is not enough evil,” my mother once said, in the sense that sometimes something has already gone so far that you no longer have the strength to be angry. How could we allow such chaos to embrace our planet? What will we leave for our children? What should we do if we are forced to live together anyway? On one tiny stone sphere in the middle of nowhere. With no walls to stop missiles, or the refugees who flee from them. No amount of demagoguery will stop climate change, which will turn half the Earth into a desert. The play Offended. Planet turned out to be about more than conscience, resentment, trauma, and pain. It is also about responsibility. Humanity’s responsibility to itself. To children. To the planet. To the universe, after all.
—Translated by John Freedman